Singapore's smallest bittern, the Yellow Bittern (Botaurus sinensis), is a winter visitor and rare resident breeder. Whilst often still seen, the species is estimated to have declined by 35% over 10 years, though there is no conclusive understanding of the cause of such decline. Generally shy, they prefer the well-vegetated edges of waterbodies, particularly tall grasses and reeds at the side of ponds, where they also nest. Migrants have also been found in mangroves and woodland with marshy fringes. They feed on small fish, insects and frogs. Males have a blackish crown whereas females have a reddish-brown crown. Juveniles are covered in reddish-brown streaks. This species can be distinguished from other Bitterns by their overall lighter colouration and circular iris, compared to the Cinnamon, Shrenck’s and Black Bittern, which are darker-coloured and have dark marks behind the iris. They have much longer necks than their usual resting pose belies - keep an eye out for their extended necks as they strike their prey or take off in flight!