[Left] Young flowers of Helianthus 'Lemonade' naturally have a pale lime-green centre when the flower bud first begins to open. [Right] As the flower head matures, the tightly packed green florets in the centre will slowly open and lengthen and transition into the signature, fluffy pom-pom flower.
Can you believe this flower head is neither a dahlia nor a chrysanthemum, but a sunflower?! Despite their similar appearances, all three species belong to the daisy family (Asteraceae) and share a similar composite flower structure: each flower head is made up of many tiny individual florets that together form what looks like a single flower. Helianthus annuus 'Lemonade' is a distinctive ornamental sunflower that departs dramatically from the classic golden-yellow sunflower with a prominent dark central disc. Instead of the typical flower head comprising a ring of outer ray florets surrounding a central disc of reproductive florets, 'Lemonade' was bred to produce fully double, pompom-like blooms composed predominantly of densely packed, overlapping ray florets. Each flower head measures approximately 12 to 18 cm across and displays a soft, pastel lemon-yellow colour with a subtle lime-green centre. The dense, fluffy blooms give the plant an appearance more reminiscent of large chrysanthemums or dahlias than a conventional sunflower.
‘Lemonade’ features broad, coarse leaves and stood tall amongst other varieties of sunflower.
A vigorous, branching annual, 'Lemonade' can reach approximately 1.5 to 1.8 m in height, and roughly takes about 12 to14 weeks from sowing to reach maturity and bloom. Its branching habit produces multiple lateral stems, each capable of bearing a flower head, resulting in a succession of blooms throughout the growing season rather than a single flower on one main stem. This makes it particularly attractive as an ornamental garden plant, since each plant can produce successive flower heads in bloom over the course of several weeks.
The dense flower heads are dominated by sterile ray florets and lack the prominent pollen-producing disc florets found in typical sunflowers, giving 'Lemonade' its pollenless characteristic. This makes it especially desirable as a cut flower, as the blooms do not shed the fine yellow pollen commonly associated with conventional sunflowers, helping to keep furniture, clothing and indoor surfaces cleaner and reducing potential pollen exposure for sensitive individuals.
While the flowers may still attract pollinators such as bees and butterflies through their bright colour and available floral resources, the absence of pollen means that 'Lemonade' provides less of the pollen resource that insects obtain from conventional, pollen-producing sunflowers. Its ornamental appeal therefore comes with a trade-off: it offers the visual impact of a sunflower while providing a different ecological value from traditional seed-producing varieties.
Among the sea of sunflowers, can you pick out the distinctive fluffy, pompom-like blooms that stand out from the rest?
In the Flower Field at Flower Dome, 'Lemonade' is planted among other sunflower varieties. Come and spot its soft, lemon-yellow, pompom-like blooms, which stand out against the more familiar forms and colours of traditional sunflowers.
Written by: Ziana Yacob, Senior Manager (Research and Horticulture)
Ziana's fascination with the many wonders of plants led her to study Horticulture. She has been involved in propagating and nurturing in-house plant collections, with a special focus on orchids. Keeping plants thriving is both a rewarding challenge and a continuous journey of learning for her!